* While this checklist outlines important tax changes for 2024, additional changes in tax law are more than likely to come up during the year ahead.
-------------------- ----------
On a yearly basis, the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) adjusts more than 60 tax provisions for inflation to prevent what is called “bracket creep.” Bracket creep occurs when inflation, rather than real increases in income, pushes people into higher income tax brackets or reduces the value they receive from credits and deductions.
The IRS previously used the Consumer Price Index (CPI) as a measure of inflation prior to 2018. However, with the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA), the IRS now uses the Chained Consumer Price Index (C-CPI) to adjust income thresholds, deduction amounts, and credit values accordingly.
The new inflation adjustments are for tax year 2024, for which taxpayers will file tax returns in early 2025.
2024 Federal Income Tax Brackets and Rates
In 2024, the income limits for all tax brackets and all filers will be adjusted for inflation and will be as follows (Table 1). The federal income tax has seven tax rates in 2024: 10 percent, 12 percent, 22 percent, 24 percent, 32 percent, 35 percent, and 37 percent. The top marginal income tax rate of 37 percent will hit taxpayers with taxable income above $609,350 for single filers and above $731,200 for married couples filing jointly.
Table 1. 2024 Federal Income Tax Brackets and Rates for Single Filers, Married Couples Filing Jointly, and Heads of Households
If taxable income is: The tax due is:
Not over $11,600 10% of taxable income
Over $11,600 but not over $47,150 $1,160 plus 12% of the excess over $11,600
Over $47,150 but not over $100,525 $5,426 plus 22% of the excess over $47,150
Over $100,525 but not over $191,950 $17,168.50 plus 24% of the excess over $100,525
Over $191,950 but not over $243,725 $39,110.50 plus 32% of the excess over $191,150
Over $243,725 but not over $609,350 $55,678.50 plus 35% of the excess over $243,725
Over $609,350 $183,647.25 plus 37% of the excess over $609,350
If taxable income is: The tax due is:
Not over $11,600 10% of taxable income
Over $11,600 but not over $47,150 $1,160 plus 12% of the excess over $11,600
Over $47,150 but not over $100,525 $5,426 plus 22% of the excess over $47,150
Over $100,525 but not over $191,950 $17,168. 50 plus 24% of the excess over $100,525
Over $191,950 but not over $243,725 $39,110.50 plus 32% of the excess over $191,150
Over $243,725 but not over $365,600 $55,678.50 plus 35% of the excess over $243,725
Over $365,600 $98,334.75 plus 37% of the excess over $365,600
If taxable income is: The tax due is:
Not over $16,550 10% of taxable income
Over $16,550 but not over $63,100 $1,655 plus 12% of the excess over $16,550
Over $63,100 but not over $100,500 $7,241 plus 22% of the excess over $63,100
Over $100,500 but not over $191,950 $15,469 plus 24% of the excess over $100,500
Over $191,950 but not over $243,700 $37,417 plus 32% of the excess over $191,150
Over $243,700 but not over $609,350 $53,977 plus 35% of the excess over $243,700
Over $609,350 $181,954.50 plus 37% of the excess over $609,350
If taxable income is: The tax due is:
Not over $23,200 10% of taxable income
Over $23,200 but not over $94,300 $2,320 plus 12% of the excess over $23,200
Over $94,300 but not over $201,050 $10,852 plus 22% of the excess over $94,300
Over $201,050 but not over $383,900 $34,337 plus 24% of the excess over $201,050
Over $383,900 but not over $487,450 $78,221 plus 32% of the excess over $383,900
Over $487,450 but not over $731,200 $111,357 plus 35% of the excess over $487,450
Over $731,200 $196,669.50 plus 37% of the excess over $731,200
Standard Deduction and Personal Exemption
The standard deduction will increase by $750 for single filers and by $1,500 for joint filers (Table 2). Seniors over age 65 may claim an additional standard deduction of $1,950 for single filers and $1,550 for joint filers.
The personal exemption for 2024 remains at $0 (eliminating the personal exemption was part of the Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA).
Filing Status Deduction Amount
Single $14,600
Married Filing Jointly $29,200
Head of Household $21,900
Additional Amount for Married Seniors $1,550
Additional Amount for Unmarried Seniors $1,950
Alternative Minimum Tax
The alternative minimum tax (AMT) was created in the 1960s to prevent high-income taxpayers from avoiding the individual income tax. This parallel income tax system requires high-income taxpayers to calculate their tax bill twice: once under the ordinary income tax system and again under the AMT. The taxpayer then needs to pay the higher of the two.
The AMT uses an alternative definition of taxable income called alternative minimum taxable income (AMTI). To prevent low- and middle-income taxpayers from being subject to the AMT, taxpayers are allowed to exempt a significant amount of their income from AMTI. However, the exemption phases out for high-income taxpayers. The AMT is levied at two rates: 26 percent and 28 percent.
The AMT exemption amount for 2024 is $85,700 for singles and $133,300 for married couples filing jointly (Table 3).
Filing Status Exemption Amount
Unmarried Individuals $85,700
Married Filing Jointly $133,300
In 2024, the 28 percent AMT rate applies to excess AMTI of $232,600 for all taxpayers ($116,300 for married couples filing separate returns).
AMT exemptions phase out at 25 cents per dollar earned once AMTI reaches $609,350 for single filers and $1,218,700 for married taxpayers filing jointly (Table 4).
Filing Status Threshold
Unmarried Individuals $609,350
Married Filing Jointly $1,218,700
Child Tax Credit
The maximum child tax credit is $2,000 per qualifying child and is not adjusted for inflation. The refundable portion of the child tax credit is adjusted for inflation and will increase from $1,600 to $1,700 for 2024.
Capital Gains Tax Rates and Brackets (Long-Term Capital Gains)
Long-term capital gains face different brackets and rates than ordinary income (Table 6.)
For Unmarried Individuals, Taxable Income Over For Married Individuals Filing Joint Returns, Taxable Income Over For Heads of Households, Taxable Income Over
0% $0 $0 $0
15% $47,025 $94,050 $63,000
20% $518,900 $583,750 $551,350
Qualified Business Income Deduction (Sec. 199A)
The Tax Cuts and Jobs Act of 2017 (TCJA) includes a 20 percent deduction for pass-through businesses. Limits on the deduction begin phasing in for taxpayers with income above $191,950 (or $383,900 for joint filers) in 2024 (Table 7).
Filing Status Threshold
Unmarried Individuals $191,950
Married Filing Jointly $383,900
Annual Exclusion for Gifts
In 2024, the first $18,000 of gifts to any person are excluded from tax, up from $17,000. The exclusion is increased to $185,000 from $175,000 for gifts to spouses who are not citizens of the United States.
New for 2024
Items unaffected by indexing
By statute, certain items that were indexed for inflation in the past are currently not adjusted.
► Tax Incentives for Higher Education
The tax code provides a variety of tax incentives for families who are paying higher education costs or are repaying student loans. You may be able to claim an American Opportunity Credit or Lifetime Learning Credit for the qualified tuition and related expenses of the students in your family who are enrolled in eligible educational institutions.
► Check Withholding to Avoid a Tax Surprise
If you owed tax last year or received a large refund you may want to adjust your tax withholding. Owing tax at the end of the year could result in penalties being assessed.
► 5 Tips For Early Preparation
Earlier is better when it comes to working on your taxes. The IRS encourages everyone to get a head start on tax preparation. Not only do you avoid the last-minute rush, early filers also get a faster refund.
Earlier is better when it comes to working on your taxes. The IRS encourages everyone to get a head start on tax preparation. Not only do you avoid the last-minute rush, early filers also get a faster refund.
There are five easy ways to get a good jump on your taxes long before the April 15 deadline rolls around:
1. Gather your records in advance. Make sure you have all the records you need, including W-2s and 1099s. Don’t forget to save a copy for your files.
2. Get the right forms. They’re available around the clock on IRS.gov in the Forms and Publications section.
3. Take your time. Don’t forget to leave room for a coffee break when filling out your tax return. Rushing can mean making a mistake — and that can be expensive!
4. Double-check your math and Social Security number. These are among the most common errors on tax returns. Taking care on these reduces your chances of hearing from the IRS.
5. Get the fastest refund. When you file early, you get your refund faster. Using e-filing with direct deposit gets you a refund in half the time as paper filing.
► Amended Returns
Oops! You've discovered an error after your tax return has been filed. What should you do? You may need to amend your return.
► Ayuda en Espanol
If you need federal tax information, the IRS provides free Spanish language products and services. Pages on the IRS.gov, pre-recorded tax topics, refund information, tax publications and toll-free telephone assistance are all available in the Spanish-language.
► Filing an Extension
If you can't meet the April 15 deadline to file your tax return, you can get an automatic six month extension of time to file from the IRS. The extension will give you extra time to get the paperwork in to the IRS, but it does not extend the time you have to pay any tax due. You will owe interest on any amounts not paid by the April deadline, plus a late payment penalty if you have paid less than 90 percent of your total tax by that date.
► Car Donations
The IRS reminds taxpayers that the rules for taking a tax deduction for donating cars to charities have changed. The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 has altered the rules for the contribution of used motor vehicles, boats and planes after Dec. 31, 2004.
► Charitable Contributions
When preparing to file your federal tax return, don't forget your contributions to charitable organizations. Your donations can add up to a nice tax deduction if you itemize on IRS Form 1040, Schedule A.
► Hybrid Vehicles
The Energy Policy Act of 2005 replaced the clean-fuel burning deduction with a tax credit known as the Alternative Motor Vehicle Credit. The tax credit for hybrid vehicles applies to vehicles purchased or placed in service on or after January 1, 2006.
► Earned Income Tax Credit for Certain Workers
Millions of Americans forgo critical tax relief each year by failing to claim the Earned Income Tax Credit (EITC), a federal tax credit for individuals who work but do not earn high incomes. Taxpayers who qualify and claim the credit could pay less federal tax, pay no tax or even get a tax refund.
► Refinancing Your Home
Taxpayers who refinanced their homes may be eligible to deduct some costs associated with their loans.
► Credit for the Elderly or Disabled
You may be able to take the Credit for the Elderly or the Disabled if you were age 65 or older at the end of last year, or if you are retired on permanent and total disability, according to the IRS.
► Selling Your Home
If you sold your main home, you may be able to exclude up to $250,000 of gain ($500,000 for married taxpayers filing jointly) from your federal tax return.
► Foreign Income
With more and more United States citizens earning money from foreign sources, the IRS reminds people that they must report all such income on their tax return, unless it is exempt under federal law. U.S. citizens are taxed on their worldwide income.
► Deductible Taxes
Did you know that you may be able to deduct certain taxes on your federal income tax return? The IRS says you can if you file Form 1040 and itemize deductions on Schedule A. Deductions decrease the amount of income subject to taxation.
► Gift Giving
If you gave any one person gifts valued at more than $13,000, it is necessary to report the total gift to the Internal Revenue Service. You may even have to pay tax on the gift.
► Marriage or Divorce
Newlyweds and the recently divorced should make sure that names on their tax returns match those registered with the Social Security Administration (SSA). A mismatch between a name on the tax return and a Social Security number (SSN) could unexpectedly increase a tax bill or reduce the size of any refund.
► Deduction of State and Local Taxes
If you itemize your taxes, you may choose to deduct state and local sales taxes instead of state and local income taxes. The American Jobs Creation Act of 2004 gives taxpayers this option for this year's tax returns.
► Filing Deadline and Payment Options
If you're trying to beat the tax deadline, there are several options for last-minute help. If you need a form or publication, you can download copies here. If you find you need more time to finish your return, you can get a six month extension of time to file using Form 4868, Application for Automatic Extension of Time to File U.S. Individual Income Tax Return. And if you have trouble paying your tax bill, the IRS has several payment options available.
► Refund, Where's My Refund?
Are you expecting a tax refund from the Internal Revenue Service this year? If you file a complete and accurate paper tax return, your refund should be issued in about six to eight weeks from the date IRS receives your return. If you file your return electronically, your refund should be issued in about half the time it would take if you filed a paper return even faster when you choose direct deposit.
► Ten Ways to Avoid Problems at Tax Time
Looking for ways to avoid the last-minute rush for doing your taxes? The IRS offers these tips.
1. Don't Procrastinate. Resist the temptation to put off your taxes until the last minute. Your haste to meet the filing deadline may cause you to overlook potential sources of tax savings and will likely increas
The IRS continues to highlight the 10 rights for taxpayers while also sharing them extensively with employees. Congress added these fundamental rights to the Internal Revenue Code (IRC) in late 2015. The IRC now requires the IRS Commissioner to ensure IRS employees are familiar with and act in accordance with the TBOR.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #10, The Right to a fair and Just Tax System
FS-2016-19, April 2016 — The Taxpayer Bill of Rights clearly outlines the fundamental rights of every taxpayer, and the IRS wants every taxpayer to be aware of them when dealing with the agency. In 2014, the IRS adopted the TBOR as a cornerstone document, providing the nation's taxpayers with a better understanding of these rights.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #9, The Right to Retain Representation
FS-2016-18, March 2016 — The Taxpayer Bill of Rights is a cornerstone document providing the nation’s taxpayers with fundamental rights when dealing with the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS wants every taxpayer to be aware of these rights when dealing with the agency.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #8, The Right to Confidentiality
FS-2016-17, March 2016 — Every taxpayer has a set of fundamental rights to be aware of when dealing with the Internal Revenue Service.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #7, The Right to Privacy
FS-2016-15, March 2016 — In 2014, the IRS adopted the Taxpayer Bill of Rights, which is a set of 10 fundamental rights every taxpayer should be aware of when dealing with the IRS.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #6, The Right to Finality
FS-2016-14, March 2016 — The Taxpayer Bill of Rights is a cornerstone document providing the nation’s taxpayers with an understanding of their rights when working with the IRS.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #5, The Right to Appeal an IRS Decision in an Independent Forum
FS-2016-13, March 2016 — The IRS wants every taxpayer to know and understand a set of 10 fundamental rights when dealing with the agency. In 2014, the IRS adopted the Taxpayer Bill of Rights as the cornerstone document to provide the nation’s taxpayers with a better awareness of those rights when dealing with the IRS.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #4, The Right to Challenge the IRS Position and Be Heard
FS-2016-12, February 2016 — The Taxpayer Bill of Rights clearly outlines the fundamental rights of every taxpayer. In 2014, the IRS adopted the TBOR as a cornerstone document to provide the nation's taxpayers with a better understanding of these rights.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #3, The Right to Pay No More than the Correct Amount of Tax
FS-2016-11, February 2016 — In 2014, the IRS adopted a Taxpayer Bill of Rights that has become a cornerstone document to provide the nation's taxpayers a better understanding of their fundamental rights when dealing with the agency.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #2, The Right to Quality Service
FS-2016-9, February 2016 — In 2014, the IRS adopted a Taxpayer Bill of Rights that has become a cornerstone document to provide the nation's taxpayers a better understanding of their fundamental rights when dealing with the agency.
► Taxpayer Bill of Rights: #1, The Right to Be Informed
FS-2016-7, February 2016 — In 2014, the IRS adopted a Taxpayer Bill of Rights that has become a cornerstone document to provide the nation's taxpayers a better understanding of their fundamental rights when dealing with the agency.
* Please consult with your tax adviser before making a final decision as some information may have changed due to IRS rulings.
Federal law requires you to maintain copies of your tax returns and supporting documents for three years. This is called the "three-year law" and leads many people to believe they're safe provided they retain their documents for this period of time.
However, if the IRS believes you have significantly under reported your income (by 25 percent or more), or believes there may be indication of fraud, it may go back six years in an audit. To be safe, use the following guidelines.
o Correspondence with Customers and Vendors
o Duplicate Deposit Slips
o Purchase Orders (other than Purchasing Department copy)
o Receiving Sheets
o Requisitions
o Stenographer's Notebooks
o Stockroom Withdrawal Forms
o Employee Personnel Records (after termination)
o Employment Applications
o Expired Insurance Policies
o General Correspondence
o Internal Audit Reports
o Internal Reports
o Petty Cash Vouchers
o Physical Inventory Tags
o Savings Bond Registration Records of Employees
o Time Cards For Hourly Employees
o Accident Reports, Claims
o Accounts Payable Ledgers and Schedules
o Accounts Receivable Ledgers and Schedules
o Bank Statements and Reconciliations
o Cancelled Checks
o Cancelled Stock and Bond Certificates
o Employment Tax Records
o Expense Analysis and Expense Distribution Schedules
o Expired Contracts, Leases
o Expired Option Records
o Inventories of Products, Materials, Supplies
o Invoices to Customers
o Notes Receivable Ledgers, Schedules
o Payroll Records and Summaries, including payment to pensioners
o Plant Cost Ledgers
o Purchasing Department Copies of Purchase Orders
o Sales Records
o Subsidiary Ledgers
o Time Books
o Travel and Entertainment Records
o Vouchers for Payments to Vendors, Employees, etc.
o Voucher Register, Schedules
While federal guidelines do not require you to keep tax records "forever," in many cases there will be other reasons you'll want to retain these documents indefinitely.
o Audit Reports from CPAs/Accountants
o Cancelled Checks for Important Payments (especially tax payments)
o Cash Books, Charts of Accounts
o Contracts, Leases Currently in Effect
o Corporate Documents (incorporation, charter, by-laws, etc.)
o Documents substantiating fixed asset additions
o Deeds
o Depreciation Schedules
o Financial Statements (Year End)
o General and Private Ledgers, Year End Trial Balances
o Insurance Records, Current Accident Reports, Claims, Policies
o Investment Trade Confirmations
o IRS Revenue Agents. Reports
o Journals
o Legal Records, Correspondence and Other Important Matters
o Minutes Books of Directors and Stockholders
o Mortgages, Bills of Sale
o Property Appraisals by Outside Appraisers
o Property Records
o Retirement and Pension Records
o Tax Returns and Worksheets
o Trademark and Patent Registrations
o While it's important to keep year-end mutual fund and IRA contribution statements forever, you don't have to save monthly and quarterly statements once the year-end statement has arrived.
We use cookies to analyze website traffic and optimize your website experience. By accepting our use of cookies, your data will be aggregated with all other user data.